Hemming and tailoring involve altering the length of a garment or adding decorative features such as pleats and tucks. It also includes any basic alterations such as taking in seams, mending tears, or replacing buttons and zippers.

Dressmaking involves creating custom garments from raw fabrics. It may involve pattern making, sewing, embroidery, and other techniques to produce a unique outfit. It is usually used to create special pieces that are not available in retail stores, as well as to make modifications that cannot be made with ready-made clothing.

Zipper replacing involves removing the old zipper from a garment and replacing it with a new one of the same size and type. This type of alteration requires good hand-sewing skills and patience, as it usually involves very small pieces that need to be securely fastened.